We published the research the industry is citing.
Key discovery
On Gemini, only about 30% of the sources cited for a query show up again when the same query runs a second time. Differences in citation share under 5% to 7% are statistically a tie.
The findings come from over 500,000 citations analyzed across three engines. It's why the industry wastes an estimated $2 billion a year optimizing content against bad math.
Our method
These findings became the five patent-pending inventions behind every IQRush measurement: stability, sufficiency, confidence, clustering, and drift. The full method lives on our Methodology page.
